An extensive list of several notable CFD simulation studies conducted to understand and predict DDT is also included in their review ( Oran and Gamezo, 2007). The first approach is pursued by Oran's research group and other researchers efforts in simulating DDT from first principles have been published ( Khokhlov and Oran, 1999 Khokhlov et al., 1999 Gamezo et al., 2001, 2005, 2008 Tegner and Sjogreen, 2002 Oran and Gamezo, 2007 Vaagsaether et al., 2007). Current CFD studies on DDT could be divided into two different approaches: one is trying to precisely simulate a DDT event using available computational resources, and the other is trying to predict the possibility of DDT event in an indirect way. Similarly, at this state, because of the complexity and the lack of clear understanding of DDT mechanisms, CFD modeling works on DDT only to try to shed light on the question of whether CFD as it is today is capable of describing DDT events. IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE PRESSURE GRADIENT QUIZLET FULLHowever, those theories have not been able to provide a full picture of what really happens or led to a practical mechanism behind the observations in DDT events in experimental works. (1978), or the instabilities caused by sudden venting by Dorofeev et al. Other theories have been developed such as “local explosion” proposed by Oppenheim ( Meyer et al., 1970), the “Shock Wave Amplification by Coherent Energy Release” (SWACER) concept proposed by Lee et al. (1989), by analyzing experimental data from the large-scale tests of hydrogen–air mixtures at the Sandia National Laboratory, proposed that DDT could occur when the shock fronts generated from the expanding unburned gas and those generated by the autoignition of preheat-unreacted mixture merge together ( Sherman et al., 1989 Middha and Hansen, 2008). There are several theories to elucidate the mechanism behind a DDT phenomenon. The nature of DDT and factors influencing DDT are currently subjects of ongoing research efforts. Tahir Cagin, in Multiscale Modeling for Process Safety Applications, 2016 4.4.3 Deflagration to Detonationĭeflagration to detonation (DDT) is an important phenomenon in the context of process safety because of its devastating consequences.
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